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A table summarizing the emergency management of acute hyponatremia in adults is provided ( table 1 ). An alternative approach, recommended in by European organizations, is to treat with two 150 mL bolus infusions of 3 percent saline, each given over 20 minutes, measuring the serum sodium between infusions [ 28 ].UpToDate contributors generally avoid use of NSAIDs, or use them with particular caution and at reduced doses, in older adults and patients (regardless of age) with existing or increased risk for cardiovascular, GI, or kidney disease. Concurrent gastroprotection (eg, a proton pump inhibitor) may be warranted.UpToDate is one of the most trusted brands in healthcare, providing key clinical and drug information at the point of care, and advanced technologies to educate and engage patients and members. Explore the different elements of the UpToDate suite of solutions that can help support better patient care.Symptoms and signs — Rhabdomyolysis is characterized clinically by the triad of myalgias, muscle weakness, and red to brown urine due to myoglobinuria [ 1 ]. Biochemically, several serum muscle enzymes are elevated, including CK. The degree of muscle pain and other symptoms varies widely. Most of the symptoms of rhabdomyolysis …

Beta-lactamases are enzymes that open the beta-lactam ring, inactivating the antibiotic. The first plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria was discovered in Greece in the 1960s. It was named TEM after the patient from whom it was isolated (Temoniera) [ 2 ]. Subsequently, a closely related enzyme was discovered and named TEM-2.

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UpToDate is a trusted and evidence-based clinical resource tool that provides comprehensive and updated information on various medical topics. Log in to access the full content and features of UpToDate, or register for a free trial or subscription.Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Nadia Hansel, MD, MPH, is the interim director of the Department of Medicine in th...UpToDate, the evidence-based clinical decision support resource from Wolters Kluwer, is trusted at the point of care by clinicians worldwide.Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by airborne allergens contacting the eye, which leads to immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated local mast cell degranulation and allergic inflammation. It typically presents as bilateral ocular itching, redness, and watery discharge. This topic discusses the management of allergic conjunctivitis.

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Oct 25, 2023 ... Outline · - Discontinuing hypertonic saline used as initial therapy · - Fluid restriction · - Other therapies for chronic hyponatremia ·...

Smoking cessation is associated with clear health benefits. Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Tobacco use increases the risk of many acute and chronic diseases, including cancers at many sites. Medications, including nicotine replacement, varenicline, and bupropion, have demonstrated ...Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and lethal disease. In the United States, approximately 153,000 new cases of large bowel cancer are diagnosed annually [ 1 ]. CRC can be diagnosed after the onset of symptoms or through screening asymptomatic individuals. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and staging of CRC will be reviewed here.Conjunctivitis, also called "pink eye," is defined as an inflammation of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the thin membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the whites of the eyes (called the sclera) ( figure 1 ). Conjunctivitis can affect children and adults. The most common symptoms of conjunctivitis include a red eye and ...Patient Education. UpToDate offers two levels of content for patients: The Basics are short overviews. They are written in accordance with plain language principles and answer the four or five most important questions a person might have about a medical problem. Beyond the Basics are longer, more detailed reviews.The goals of acute pain management are to relieve suffering, facilitate function, enhance recovery, and satisfy patients. After surgery, additional goals are to achieve early postoperative mobilization and reduce length of hospital stay. Pain control regimens must take into account medical, psychological, and physical condition; age; …

Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Dr. Mary Catherine Beach, professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, ...UpToDate is an online resource that helps you make informed decisions about medical care. Access the latest evidence, expert opinions, and patient education with your subscription.Dec 11, 2023 · Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials. The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition. These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials. UpToDate is a trusted source of clinical information for health professionals. However, the page you are looking for can't be found. Try searching for a different topic or language. Learn how to address excessive tardiness and find some of the simplest solutions to tardiness in the workplace. Human Resources | How To WRITTEN BY: Charlette Beasley Published Nov...Sign in with Microsoft. Sign in with Open Athens. Sign in Another Way. If your organization permits Single Sign-On (SSO) for UpToDate, you may use your email address here.UpToDate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on Adult Primary Care and Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Family Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hematology, Infectious Diseases, …

Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening, systemic hypersensitivity reaction caused by the sudden release of mast cell mediators [ 1 ]. It most often results from immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated reactions to foods, drugs, and insect stings, but any agent capable of inciting a sudden, systemic degranulation of mast cells can induce ...

INTRODUCTION. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key gram-negative aerobic bacillus in the differential diagnosis of a number of infections. This organism is important because it is often antibiotic resistant and can cause severe hospital-acquired infections associated with a high mortality rate, especially in immunocompromised hosts.UpToDate offers a number of subscriptions and add-on products, allowing you to have the most up-to-date information and improve patient care.Dissolved CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ H 2 CO 3 ↔ HCO 3- + H +. The ratio between these reactants can be expressed by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. By convention, the pKa of 6.10 is used when the denominator is the concentration of dissolved CO 2, and this is proportional to the pCO 2 (the actual concentration of the acid H 2 CO 3 is very …Peripheral artery disease (PAD), specifically atherosclerotic disease leading to peripheral artery obstruction, may be silent or present with a variety of symptoms and signs indicative of extremity ischemia. The clinical manifestations of arterial insufficiency (regardless of etiology) are due to a lack of blood flow to the musculature relative ...Conjunctivitis, also called "pink eye," is defined as an inflammation of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the thin membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the whites of the eyes (called the sclera) ( figure 1 ). Conjunctivitis can affect children and adults. The most common symptoms of conjunctivitis include a red eye and ...Pneumonia can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, and, less commonly, fungi. The most common bacterial cause of pneumonia in the United States is a type of bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae (also called pneumococcus). Other bacteria can cause pneumonia as well.

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Mar 25, 2024 · Acute treatment of migraine in adults without hemiplegic or brainstem aura. Algorithm 1. The abortive (symptomatic) therapy of migraine ranges from the use of simple analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to triptans, antiemetics, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists, lasmiditan, and ...

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the care of patients using the best available research evidence to guide clinical decision-making ( figure 1) [ 1,2 ]. The value of EBM is heightened in light of the following considerations: The volume of evidence available to guide clinical decisions continues to grow at a rapid pace ( figure 2)Aeromonas species grow at a range of temperatures, although they are isolated with increasing frequency during warmer months (May through October in the Northern hemisphere). Aeromonas species cause a wide spectrum of disease syndromes among warm- and cold-blooded animals, including fish, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, …UpToDate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on Adult Primary Care and Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Family Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hematology, Infectious Diseases, Nephrology and Hypertension, Neurology, Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women ...Cellulitis is an infection of the skin and underlying soft tissue. The infection is usually caused by bacteria, such as staphylococci ("Staph") or streptococci ("Strep"); these commonly live on the skin or inner surface of the nose or mouth among healthy people. For many people, these skin bacteria never cause infection.Enterococcal species can cause a variety of infections, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, endocarditis, and meningitis. The antimicrobial agents available for treatment of enterococcal infection are reviewed here, followed by treatment approaches for clinical syndromes caused by enterococci. Other issues related to enterococci are ...Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening, systemic hypersensitivity reaction caused by the sudden release of mast cell mediators [ 1 ]. It most often results from immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated reactions to foods, drugs, and insect stings, but any agent capable of inciting a sudden, systemic degranulation of mast cells can induce ...Disclaimer: This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or …American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) UpToDate is accredited by the American Association of Nurse Practitioners as an approved provider of nurse practitioner continuing education. Provider number: 051212. For each hour of participation with the UpToDate program, NPs can claim 1.0 contact hour.Gabapentin is a medication used to treat nerve pain, seizures, and other conditions. Learn about its benefits, side effects, interactions, and how to use it safely from UpToDate, a trusted source of evidence-based medical information.Pneumococcal vaccination is indicated for adults with risk factors for pneumococcal disease or for severe adverse outcomes should disease occur. Pneumococcal vaccination is also a routine part of infant and childhood immunization schedules worldwide. This topic will review types of pneumococcal vaccines, indications …Acute treatment of migraine in adults without hemiplegic or brainstem aura. Algorithm 1. The abortive (symptomatic) therapy of migraine ranges from the use of simple analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to triptans, antiemetics, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists, lasmiditan, …

The Insider Trading Activity of Kornitzer Benjamin on Markets Insider. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksMoved Permanently. The document has moved here.UpToDate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on Adult Primary Care and Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Family Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hematology, Infectious Diseases, …Instagram:https://instagram. american radio stations Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials. The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition. These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials.Outline · General approach · Lifestyle modification and good sleep hygiene · Withdrawal of causative medications · Treatment of co-occurring psychiatric... retrieve erased texts UpToDate offers a number of subscriptions and add-on products, allowing you to have the most up-to-date information and improve patient care. movie empire INTRODUCTION. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin. Very few foods naturally contain vitamin D (fatty fish are the exception), so dermal synthesis is the major natural source of the vitamin. Vitamin D from the diet or dermal synthesis is biologically inactive and requires enzymatic conversion to active metabolites ( figure 1 ).Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials. The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition. These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials. mindcraft game minecraft Jul 29, 2021 · Disclaimer: This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or assess potential diagnostic and treatment options. wepg to png Dec 11, 2023 · Patient level information — UpToDate offers two types of patient education materials. The Basics — The Basics patient education pieces answer the four or five key questions a patient might have about a given condition. These articles are best for patients who want a general overview and who prefer short, easy-to-read materials. stl to chicago Intrauterine tamponade (with a balloon, packing, or vacuum) may be used to manage patients with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) resulting from uterine atony that is not controlled by uterotonic medications and uterine massage. However, outcome data regarding vacuum-induced tamponade are limited.Acute pancreatitis refers to inflammation of the pancreas, causing sudden and severe abdominal pain. The pancreas is an organ that lies in the back of the mid-abdomen ( figure 1 ). It produces digestive juices and certain hormones, including insulin. Pancreatitis usually develops as a result of gallstones or moderate to heavy alcohol ... aetna cvs health com access However, daytime use of CR tablets may exacerbate motor fluctuations and can lead to delayed-onset dyskinesia. Carbidopa-levodopa extended-release (ER) capsules show promise in reducing motor complications, but more widespread use is limited by cost and difficulties of converting from levodopa tablets to ER capsules.Normally during sleep, air moves in and out through the nose, throat, and lungs at a regular rhythm. In a person with sleep apnea, air movement is periodically reduced or stopped. There are two types of sleep apnea, obstructive sleep apnea and central (non-obstructive) sleep apnea; some forms of apnea involve both types (a “mixed” apnea). search for Gastroesophageal reflux becomes a disease when it either causes macroscopic damage to the esophagus or causes symptoms. This topic will review the initial management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and management of patients with recurrent GERD when treatment is discontinued. Our recommendations are largely … bkc sofitel Advertisement Religion plays a crucial role when a child is born to an Italian family. Most babies are baptized in a Roman Catholic ceremony. The parents choose a godmother and a g...Jan 25, 2023 · The azoles that are available for systemic use can be classified into two groups: the triazoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole) and the imidazoles (ketoconazole). An overview of the use of azole agents for the treatment of various systemic fungal infections will be reviewed here. traductor de frances a espanol UpToDate: Trusted, evidence-based solutions for modern healthcare. Dedicated to continuously innovating to meet the needs of the rapidly changing medical landscape, the UpToDate® suite offers clinical, drug, patient and member content to support health professionals wherever care takes place. Subscribe To UpToDate.Feb 12, 2024 · Although hypokalemia can be transiently induced by the entry of potassium into the cells, most cases result from unreplenished gastrointestinal or urinary losses due, for example, to vomiting, diarrhea, or diuretic therapy [ 1-3 ]. (See "Causes of hypokalemia in adults" .) Potassium replacement is primarily indicated when hypokalemia is due to ... pier 11 manhattan UpToDate is a trusted source of clinical information for health professionals. However, the page you are looking for can't be found. Try searching for a different topic or language. About UpToDate UpToDate is the evidence-based, point-of-care resource trusted for reliable clinical answers around the world. UpToDate incorporates the latest medical findings, the best available evidence, and practical recommendations for patient care — so whatever your clinical question, you can be sure to find the answers you need.Cellulitis — The most common symptom of cellulitis is dull pain or tenderness in the area of skin involvement. Other cellulitis symptoms can include swelling, warmth, and redness in a distinct area of skin. These symptoms commonly worsen, and the redness may expand over the course of hours to days. The onset of cellulitis may be …